These early land animals had to solve the same problems that plants faced when they moved to the land: water conservation, gas exchange, reproduction and dispersal, and the fact that water no longer buoyed them up against the pull of gravity. Like plants, animals evolved waterproof external layers, internal gas exchange systems, ways of reproducing that did not involve water, and strong support systems (endoskeletons and exoskeletons) that allowed them to move about on land. Remember that not all animal taxa were equally successful in solving these problems.
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